Thermal evolution of the metamorphism in the eastern Taiwan Central Range : Implications for Yuli Belt exhumation
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摘要:
中国台湾中央山脉东部出露的玉里变质带作为板块构造的缝合带，拼接了欧亚大陆板块、俯冲的南海板块、未俯冲的弧前基底和菲律宾海板块（吕宋岛弧），是认识台湾造山运动地球动力学重建的关键。玉里变质带出露含蓝片岩相的铁镁质—超铁镁质变质火成岩块体，这些块体在构造上被以绿片岩相为主的多期变形的云母石英片岩所包围。而玉里带东南侧发育了以云母石英片岩、千枚岩为主的初来组地层，初来组地层是否属于玉里带近年来仍然存在争议。为了解决这一问题，本文对台湾玉里带及其周缘地区的构造演化重新研究，针对中央山脉东部玉里带和初来组地层分别采样，利用碳质物质拉曼光谱温度计（RSCM）计算出变质片岩峰值变质温度的均值。结果表明：玉里带的峰值变质温度范围在400 ℃~550 ℃之间，比台湾地区的其它次级构造单元温度高；玉里带内，峰值变质温度高于500 ℃的地区毗邻玉里带的3个最大的高压变质火成岩块体，说明高压变质块体可能存在与围岩之间的交代变质作用；初来组地层的峰值变质温度约为360 ℃，与玉里带的温差达100 ℃以上，说明初来组地层与玉里带是两个不同的次级单元，在中央山脉东南缘二者之间很可能是断层接触，在台湾造山带向东的反冲褶皱逆冲带变形之后，这两个单元可能经历了相同的形变历史。本次更新的峰值变质温度集合了台湾地区的所有已发表的RSCM数据，显示出横跨台湾东部中央山脉热演化的系统性空间展布，重新修正了台湾中央山脉东部地质图。
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关键词:
- 中国台湾 /
- 玉里带 /
- 变质岩地热温度计 /
- RSCM /
- 蓝片岩
Abstract:The Yuli Belt exposed in the eastern part of Taiwan Central Range hosts slivers of blueschist-facies meta-igneous rocks that were tectonically emplaced into a mostly greenschist-facies, polyphase deformed metasedimentary succession. Suturing the Eurasian continental plate, the subducted South China Sea plate, the proposed subducted forarc basement, and the Luzon Island arc of the Philippine Sea Plate, the Yuli Belt is a key site for understanding the geodynamic reconstruction of the Taiwan orogeny. In this paper, we reinvestigated the tectonic evolution of the Yuli Belt. The Yuli Belt of the eastern Taiwan Central Range encloses high pressure (HP)mafic-ultramafic blocks and hosts intensely deformed greenschist-facies metasediments. It is still debated if the Chulai Formation to the east is part of the Yuli Belt. To solve this problem, we provide new maximum metamorphic temperature in both units using Raman spectroscopic geo-thermometry in relation to structural deformation. The new peak metamorphic temperatures compiled with published data support systematic spatial variations across the eastern Taiwan Central Range. The Yuli Belt shows peak temperatures of 400 ℃~550 ℃ higher than those of adjacent units. Temperatures > 500 ℃ in the Yuli Belt are close to three HP blocks. The temperature difference between the Yuli Belt and Chulai Formation reaches over 100 ℃. It is likely that the contact between both units is a fault and that they underwent the same deformation history after its E-vergent backfolding phase. The new peak metamorphic temperatures compiled with published data support systematic spatial variations across the eastern Taiwan Central Range. A revised geological map was generated by the incorporation of new structural data of the metasediments from several river-transects in the eastern Central Range.
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Key words:
- Taiwan /
- Yuli Belt /
- Geothermometer /
- RSCM /
- Blueschists
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图 1
台湾岛次级构造单元划分图（a）和台湾岛RSCM温度分布图（b）
Figure 1.
Tectonic map of Taiwan Island(a) and map of peak temperatures in eastern Taiwan Island(b)obtained from RSCM
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图 2
台湾拉库拉库溪及清水溪地区地质图及地质剖面（A-B、C-D）
Figure 2.
Geological map and cross sections(A-B and C-D)in the Lakulaku Hsi and Chinsui Hsi areas
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图 3
台湾玉里带及周边地区样品的代表性显微特征照片（每组样品图片左侧为单偏光，右侧为正交光）
Figure 3.
Representative microscopic features of black schists(Images on the left are in plane-polarized light, and on the right are in cross-polarized light)
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图 4
部分采集样品RSCM实验的典型光谱特征
Figure 4.
Representative Raman spectra of the carbonaceous materials in partial samples
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图 5
台湾新武吕溪地区地质图及地质剖面（E-F）
Figure 5.
Geological map and the cross-section E-F of the Xinwuliu Hsi area
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图 6
台湾脊梁山脉中初来组及碧绿山组地层野外露头特征及构造解析（露头位置位置见图 2，图 5）
Figure 6.
Outcrops and equal area, lower hemisphere("Schmidt net")projections of Chulai and Pilushan formations within the backbone slates considered representative for map-scale structures(outcrops location in Fig. 2, Fig. 5)
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图 7
台湾拉库拉库溪附近初来组及玉里带地层野外露头特征及韧性剪切变形构造（露头的位置见图 2）
Figure 7.
Field photos of the Chulai Formation and the Yuli Belt in the Lakulaku area, showing example of ductile shear zone
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图 8
台湾岛中央山脉东部的RSCM变质峰值温度等值线
Figure 8.
RSCM temperature contours in the eastern Taiwan Central Range
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图 9
台湾玉里带岩石圈尺度的运动学模型（据Zhang et al.，2020修改）
Figure 9.
Lithosphere-scale kinematic model to explain the origin of the Yuli belt of Taiwan(modified after Zhang et al., 2020).
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图 10
台湾中央山脉东侧的简易运动学概念模型（据Zhang et al.，2020修改）
Figure 10.
Conceptual kinematic model to explain the Yuli belt exhumation and structural position(modified after Zhang et al., 2020)
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表 1
本文样品的RSCM计算结果
Table 1.
RSCM data of the sixteen samples with point measurements
样品编号 岩性 经度 纬度 光谱分析数量 R2值 方差 峰值温度T/ ℃ 标准差1σ/ ℃ YQ17-3 钠长石石英云母片岩 121.4995 23.97566 100 0.36 0.0482 477 22 YQ17-09 云母石英片岩 121.5004 23.97814 107 0.53 0.0425 401 19 YQ17-10b 云母石英片岩 121.4966 23.96673 69 0.46 0.0276 432 13 YQ17-12b 云母石英片岩 121.2798 23.28852 81 0.50 0.0477 415 22 YQ17-15 云母石英片岩 121.2082 23.27108 61 0.66 0.0077 347 3 YQ17-23a 滑石片岩 121.1935 23.26975 62 0.30 0.0366 506 16 YQ17-28 钠长石石英云母片岩 121.2908 23.30152 80 0.28 0.0379 516 17 YQ17-29 云母石英片岩 121.2073 23.34856 62 0.64 0.0160 350 7 YQ18-01a 云母石英片岩 121.2012 23.34496 31 0.45 0.0468 435 21 YQ18-02 云母石英片岩 121.1989 23.33840 47 0.46 0.0400 433 18 YQ18-03 云母石英片岩 121.2483 23.31024 47 0.44 0.0410 440 19 YQ18-05 石英云母片岩 121.3964 23.83747 70 0.56 0.0483 386 22 YQ18-09 云母石英片岩 121.3885 23.83799 61 0.45 0.0364 436 17 YQ18-11 云母石英片岩 121.3854 23.84000 57 0.47 0.0574 427 26 YQ18-12 云母石英片岩 121.3851 23.84037 61 0.41 0.0779 455 35 YQ18-13a 云母石英片岩 121.4995 23.97566 66 0.47 0.0347 426 16
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